Lottery is a state-sponsored contest in which players buy tickets and have a random chance of winning cash or prizes. Many states use lottery revenue for public good, such as education, but critics argue that lottery profits are not as transparent as a tax and prey on the economically disadvantaged, who need to save money or trim spending. A winner may also be able to choose between annuity payments or a one-time lump sum. Winnings are subject to income taxes, which decrease the actual amount of the prize.

The chances of winning a lottery are usually very slim. Finding true love and being struck by lightning are often cited as more likely than winning a jackpot. However, some people believe that winning the lottery could be a life-changing experience.

The word lottery dates to the 15th century, when local communities began using it to raise money for town fortifications and other improvements, according to town records in Ghent, Bruges, and other cities. It is unclear whether the term was derived from Middle Dutch loterie or from Middle French loterie, though it appears that both of these words are related to the action of drawing lots.

Until the early 18th century, most colonists were against lotteries, which were promoted by British immigrants and backed by the government. In the 1740s, a lottery helped finance roads, canals, bridges, schools, colleges, and churches in the colonies. Lotteries also played an important role in financing private ventures and military campaigns during the French and Indian Wars.